187 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
187 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
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# PostCSS Custom Properties [<img src="https://postcss.github.io/postcss/logo.svg" alt="PostCSS Logo" width="90" height="90" align="right">][PostCSS]
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[<img alt="npm version" src="https://img.shields.io/npm/v/postcss-custom-properties.svg" height="20">][npm-url] [<img alt="CSS Standard Status" src="https://cssdb.org/images/badges/custom-properties.svg" height="20">][css-url] [<img alt="Build Status" src="https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/workflows/test/badge.svg" height="20">][cli-url] [<img alt="Discord" src="https://shields.io/badge/Discord-5865F2?logo=discord&logoColor=white">][discord]
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```bash
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npm install postcss-custom-properties --save-dev
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```
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[PostCSS Custom Properties] lets you use Custom Properties in CSS, following
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the [CSS Custom Properties] specification.
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[!['Can I use' table](https://caniuse.bitsofco.de/image/css-variables.png)](https://caniuse.com/#feat=css-variables)
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```pcss
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:root {
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--color-blue-dark: rgb(0, 61, 184);
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--color-blue-light: rgb(0, 217, 255);
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--color-pink: rgb(255, 192, 211);
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--text-color: var(--color-pink);
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}
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.element {
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/* custom props */
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-light);
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/* props */
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border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
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color: var(--text-color);
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}
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.element--dark {
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-dark);
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}
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/* becomes */
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:root {
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--color-blue-dark: rgb(0, 61, 184);
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--color-blue-light: rgb(0, 217, 255);
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--color-pink: rgb(255, 192, 211);
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--text-color: var(--color-pink);
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}
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.element {
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/* custom props */
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-light);
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/* props */
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border: 1px solid rgb(0, 217, 255);
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border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
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color: rgb(255, 192, 211);
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color: var(--text-color);
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}
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.element--dark {
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-dark);
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}
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```
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**Note:**
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- Only processes variables that were defined in the `:root` or `html` selector.
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- Locally defined variables will be used as fallbacks only within the same rule, but not elsewhere.
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- Fallback values in `var()` will be used if the variable was not defined in the `:root` or `html` selector.
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## Usage
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Add [PostCSS Custom Properties] to your project:
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```bash
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npm install postcss postcss-custom-properties --save-dev
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```
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Use it as a [PostCSS] plugin:
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```js
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const postcss = require('postcss');
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const postcssCustomProperties = require('postcss-custom-properties');
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postcss([
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postcssCustomProperties(/* pluginOptions */)
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]).process(YOUR_CSS /*, processOptions */);
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```
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[PostCSS Custom Properties] runs in all Node environments, with special
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instructions for:
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- [Node](INSTALL.md#node)
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- [PostCSS CLI](INSTALL.md#postcss-cli)
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- [PostCSS Load Config](INSTALL.md#postcss-load-config)
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- [Webpack](INSTALL.md#webpack)
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- [Next.js](INSTALL.md#nextjs)
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- [Gulp](INSTALL.md#gulp)
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- [Grunt](INSTALL.md#grunt)
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## Options
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### preserve
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The `preserve` option determines whether properties using
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custom properties should be preserved in their original form. By default these are preserved.
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Custom property declarations are always preserved only `var()` functions can be omitted.
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```js
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postcssCustomProperties({ preserve: false })
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```
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```pcss
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:root {
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--color-blue-dark: rgb(0, 61, 184);
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--color-blue-light: rgb(0, 217, 255);
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--color-pink: rgb(255, 192, 211);
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--text-color: var(--color-pink);
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}
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.element {
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/* custom props */
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-light);
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/* props */
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border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
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color: var(--text-color);
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}
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.element--dark {
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-dark);
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}
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/* becomes */
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:root {
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--color-blue-dark: rgb(0, 61, 184);
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--color-blue-light: rgb(0, 217, 255);
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--color-pink: rgb(255, 192, 211);
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--text-color: var(--color-pink);
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}
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.element {
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/* custom props */
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-light);
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/* props */
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border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
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color: rgb(255, 192, 211);
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}
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.element--dark {
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--border-color: var(--color-blue-dark);
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}
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```
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## Modular CSS Processing
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If you're using Modular CSS such as, CSS Modules, `postcss-loader` or `vanilla-extract` to name a few, you'll probably
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notice that custom properties are not being resolved. This happens because each file is processed separately so
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unless you import the custom properties definitions in each file, they won't be resolved.
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To overcome this, we recommend using the [PostCSS Global Data](https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-global-data#readme)
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plugin which allows you to pass a list of files that will be globally available. The plugin won't inject any extra code
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in the output but will provide the context needed to resolve custom properties.
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For it to run it needs to be placed before the [PostCSS Custom Properties] plugin.
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```js
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const postcss = require('postcss');
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const postcssCustomProperties = require('postcss-custom-properties');
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const postcssGlobalData = require('@csstools/postcss-global-data');
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postcss([
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postcssGlobalData({
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files: [
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'path/to/your/custom-selectors.css'
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]
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}),
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postcssCustomProperties(/* pluginOptions */)
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]).process(YOUR_CSS /*, processOptions */);
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```
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[cli-url]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/actions/workflows/test.yml?query=workflow/test
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[css-url]: https://cssdb.org/#custom-properties
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[discord]: https://discord.gg/bUadyRwkJS
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[npm-url]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/postcss-custom-properties
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[PostCSS]: https://github.com/postcss/postcss
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[PostCSS Custom Properties]: https://github.com/csstools/postcss-plugins/tree/main/plugins/postcss-custom-properties
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[CSS Custom Properties]: https://www.w3.org/TR/css-variables-1/
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