201 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
201 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
# cssesc [](https://travis-ci.org/mathiasbynens/cssesc) [](https://codecov.io/gh/mathiasbynens/cssesc)
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A JavaScript library for escaping CSS strings and identifiers while generating the shortest possible ASCII-only output.
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This is a JavaScript library for [escaping text for use in CSS strings or identifiers](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/css-escapes) while generating the shortest possible valid ASCII-only output. [Here’s an online demo.](https://mothereff.in/css-escapes)
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[A polyfill for the CSSOM `CSS.escape()` method is available in a separate repository.](https://mths.be/cssescape) (In comparison, _cssesc_ is much more powerful.)
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Feel free to fork if you see possible improvements!
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## Installation
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Via [npm](https://www.npmjs.com/):
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```bash
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npm install cssesc
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```
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In a browser:
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```html
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<script src="cssesc.js"></script>
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```
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In [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/):
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```js
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const cssesc = require('cssesc');
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```
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In Ruby using [the `ruby-cssesc` wrapper gem](https://github.com/borodean/ruby-cssesc):
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```bash
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gem install ruby-cssesc
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```
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```ruby
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require 'ruby-cssesc'
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CSSEsc.escape('I ♥ Ruby', is_identifier: true)
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```
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In Sass using [`sassy-escape`](https://github.com/borodean/sassy-escape):
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```bash
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gem install sassy-escape
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```
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```scss
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body {
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content: escape('I ♥ Sass', $is-identifier: true);
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}
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```
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## API
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### `cssesc(value, options)`
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This function takes a value and returns an escaped version of the value where any characters that are not printable ASCII symbols are escaped using the shortest possible (but valid) [escape sequences for use in CSS strings or identifiers](https://mathiasbynens.be/notes/css-escapes).
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```js
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cssesc('Ich ♥ Bücher');
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// → 'Ich \\2665 B\\FC cher'
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cssesc('foo 𝌆 bar');
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// → 'foo \\1D306 bar'
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```
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By default, `cssesc` returns a string that can be used as part of a CSS string. If the target is a CSS identifier rather than a CSS string, use the `isIdentifier: true` setting (see below).
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The optional `options` argument accepts an object with the following options:
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#### `isIdentifier`
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The default value for the `isIdentifier` option is `false`. This means that the input text will be escaped for use in a CSS string literal. If you want to use the result as a CSS identifier instead (in a selector, for example), set this option to `true`.
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```js
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cssesc('123a2b');
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// → '123a2b'
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cssesc('123a2b', {
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'isIdentifier': true
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});
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// → '\\31 23a2b'
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```
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#### `quotes`
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The default value for the `quotes` option is `'single'`. This means that any occurences of `'` in the input text will be escaped as `\'`, so that the output can be used in a CSS string literal wrapped in single quotes.
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```js
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cssesc('Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.');
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// → 'Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.'
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// → "Lorem ipsum \"dolor\" sit \\'amet\\' etc."
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cssesc('Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', {
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'quotes': 'single'
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});
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// → 'Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.'
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// → "Lorem ipsum \"dolor\" sit \\'amet\\' etc."
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```
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If you want to use the output as part of a CSS string literal wrapped in double quotes, set the `quotes` option to `'double'`.
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```js
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cssesc('Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', {
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'quotes': 'double'
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});
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// → 'Lorem ipsum \\"dolor\\" sit \'amet\' etc.'
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// → "Lorem ipsum \\\"dolor\\\" sit 'amet' etc."
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```
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#### `wrap`
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The `wrap` option takes a boolean value (`true` or `false`), and defaults to `false` (disabled). When enabled, the output will be a valid CSS string literal wrapped in quotes. The type of quotes can be specified through the `quotes` setting.
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```js
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cssesc('Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', {
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'quotes': 'single',
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'wrap': true
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});
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// → '\'Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.\''
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// → "\'Lorem ipsum \"dolor\" sit \\\'amet\\\' etc.\'"
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cssesc('Lorem ipsum "dolor" sit \'amet\' etc.', {
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'quotes': 'double',
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'wrap': true
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});
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// → '"Lorem ipsum \\"dolor\\" sit \'amet\' etc."'
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// → "\"Lorem ipsum \\\"dolor\\\" sit \'amet\' etc.\""
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```
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#### `escapeEverything`
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The `escapeEverything` option takes a boolean value (`true` or `false`), and defaults to `false` (disabled). When enabled, all the symbols in the output will be escaped, even printable ASCII symbols.
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```js
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cssesc('lolwat"foo\'bar', {
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'escapeEverything': true
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});
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// → '\\6C\\6F\\6C\\77\\61\\74\\"\\66\\6F\\6F\\\'\\62\\61\\72'
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// → "\\6C\\6F\\6C\\77\\61\\74\\\"\\66\\6F\\6F\\'\\62\\61\\72"
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```
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#### Overriding the default options globally
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The global default settings can be overridden by modifying the `css.options` object. This saves you from passing in an `options` object for every call to `encode` if you want to use the non-default setting.
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```js
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// Read the global default setting for `escapeEverything`:
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cssesc.options.escapeEverything;
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// → `false` by default
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// Override the global default setting for `escapeEverything`:
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cssesc.options.escapeEverything = true;
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// Using the global default setting for `escapeEverything`, which is now `true`:
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cssesc('foo © bar ≠ baz 𝌆 qux');
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// → '\\66\\6F\\6F\\ \\A9\\ \\62\\61\\72\\ \\2260\\ \\62\\61\\7A\\ \\1D306\\ \\71\\75\\78'
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```
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### `cssesc.version`
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A string representing the semantic version number.
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### Using the `cssesc` binary
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To use the `cssesc` binary in your shell, simply install cssesc globally using npm:
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```bash
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npm install -g cssesc
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```
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After that you will be able to escape text for use in CSS strings or identifiers from the command line:
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```bash
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$ cssesc 'föo ♥ bår 𝌆 baz'
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f\F6o \2665 b\E5r \1D306 baz
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```
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If the output needs to be a CSS identifier rather than part of a string literal, use the `-i`/`--identifier` option:
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```bash
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$ cssesc --identifier 'föo ♥ bår 𝌆 baz'
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f\F6o\ \2665\ b\E5r\ \1D306\ baz
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```
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See `cssesc --help` for the full list of options.
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## Support
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This library supports the Node.js and browser versions mentioned in [`.babelrc`](https://github.com/mathiasbynens/cssesc/blob/master/.babelrc). For a version that supports a wider variety of legacy browsers and environments out-of-the-box, [see v0.1.0](https://github.com/mathiasbynens/cssesc/releases/tag/v0.1.0).
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## Author
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| [](https://twitter.com/mathias "Follow @mathias on Twitter") |
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| [Mathias Bynens](https://mathiasbynens.be/) |
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## License
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This library is available under the [MIT](https://mths.be/mit) license.
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